COPD cases rise by 30% in Gujarat as pollution levels surge, winter poses higher risk

Gujarat is witnessing an alarming and consistent rise in air pollution, triggering a sharp increase in respiratory illnesses across the state.

In the post-Covid years, doctors report that cases of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) have surged by nearly 30%, raising serious public health concerns. With winter setting in, the situation is becoming even more hazardous for people suffering from breathing-related conditions.

During winter, air quality dips drastically as cold air traps pollutants closer to the ground. This leads to a higher concentration of dust, smoke, particulate matter and vehicle emissions—air that citizens end up inhaling directly.

These pollutants irritate the respiratory tract, reduce lung capacity and significantly aggravate conditions such as asthma and bronchitis.

Pulmonologists warn that prolonged exposure to polluted air causes persistent inflammation, eventually leading to severe damage to the lungs. Experts say they are now observing COPD symptoms even in people in their 40s and 50s, presenting with complaints such as chronic cough, breathlessness, chest tightness and fatigue.

Doctors believe lung health is still taken far less seriously compared to conditions like diabetes or cholesterol, even though timely care can effectively manage COPD.

Highlighting the importance of early detection, specialists recommend the Pulmonary Function Test (PFT)—a simple, quick and painless test that accurately measures lung performance.

Doctors note that many patients seek help only after the disease has progressed and significant lung damage has already occurred.

Early PFT screening enables timely diagnosis and helps manage COPD as efficiently as chronic diseases like diabetes through regular monitoring and proper medication. The test also helps prevent heart complications and improves overall quality of life.

According to the World Health Organization, COPD has moved up from the fourth to the third leading cause of death globally. Data from the Ministry of Home Affairs’ Sample Registration System indicates that respiratory diseases are now the second biggest cause of mortality in India.